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Theoretical Model of Special Product Design for the Elderly

Concept of Special Product Design for the Elderly

Special products for the elderly are also known as aging product or third age products. Generally, they include the elderlyrsquo;s daily necessities, entertainment and leisure products, health care products and many other products.

The concept of special product design for the elderly can be summarized as follows: design of special products for the elderly refers to targeted design innovation, which is done according to physiological characteristics, explicit or implicit demands of the elderly to improve their life quality and resolve their practical problems.

Similarities and Differences between Design of Special Products for the Elderly and Barrier Free Design and Universal Design

There are some common features and obvious differences between the design of special products for the elderly and barrier free design and universal design. These should be analyzed and compared in order to avoid confusion and further identify uniqueness of design of special products for the elderly.

There are similarities between the design of special products for the elderly and barrier free design amp; universal design in terms of design goals and service object they all aim at improving the life quality of vulnerable groups. Barrier free design also focuses on special demands of vulnerable groups and the elderly, but there are also obvious difference in design nature and content: Barrier free design is mostly applicable to design of building, transportation and others with public environmental characteristics, such as wheelchair channel, blind road, Tactile map and so on. Special products for the elderly are not limited to public products they involve a more extensive scope of products, such as entertainment products, rehabilitation products, electronic information products and others for the elderly. It can be said that barrier free design focuses on building an environment which features equal participation between different social groups, while design of special products for the elderly focuses on the improvement in lifestyle of the elderly.

There are also some similarities and differences between design of special products for the elderly and universal design. In terms of similarities, universal design focuses on design according to the demands of disabled individuals, and at the same time, the design can reduce the using difficulty of general public. And the service object of the special product design for the elderly also have certain weakness in body function, in this regard, universal design is similar to design of special products for the elderly. There are also obvious differences in other aspects between the two kinds of design.

For example, the design of special products for the elderly has a clear target group, while universal design is aimed at all users. In addition, universal products can be used by all people, no improvement is needed; while special products for the elderly may not be applicable to other groups.

The acceptance degree of target consumers for relevant products can be used as a basis to judge whether the products are successful.

Differences and similarities between special product design for the elderly, universal design and barrier free design are compared in the following table (refer to Table 1).

Table 1

1. Nature and Feature of Design of Special Products for the Elderly

Through the analysis and comparison of similarities and differences between design of special products for the elderly, barrier free design and universal design, the nature and characteristics of design of special products for the elderly are summarized as follows:

1. Clear design service object: to specially provide design assistance to the elderly.
2. Comprehensive design content: to involve various types of products for the elderly, which are related to living, entertainment, leisure, health care, nursing, health, communication etc.
3. Clear design goal: to solve practical problems of the elderly and improve their life quality, as well as optimize their lifestyle.

4. Basic Principles of Design of Special Products for the Elderly

According to the concept of design of special products for the elderly, and nature, rules and characteristics of design of special products for the elderly, the basic principles of design of special products for the elderly can be summarized from the perspectives of function, form, structure and value as follows:

1. Functional Design: Intuitive, Simple and Easy to Use

In the functional development of special product design for the elderly, special product development should be carried out according to physiological function decline characteristics and psychological characteristics of the elderly. Alternatively their existing problems should be resolved to reduce their physiological and psychological obstacles when using conventional products by making these meet the demands of the elderly well. In terms of functional design, design of special products for the elderly should be intuitive, simple and easy to use.

1. Intuitive: product functions and operational methods should be clear and intuitive and not cause any confusion, so that the elderly can use them easily.
2. Simple: Functions should be simple, and special design needs to be done according to particular demands. The main functions and feature

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