Volume 52, January 2016, Pages 142–150
109228||
Ergonomic approach for pillow concept design
Abstract
Sleep quality is an essential factor to human beings for health. The current paper conducted four studies to provide a suitable pillow for promoting sleep quality.
Study 1 investigated the natural positions of 40 subjects during sleep to derive key-points for a pillow design. The results suggested that the supine and lateral positions were alternatively 24 times a night, and the current pillows were too high for the supine position and too low for lateral positions.
Study 2 measured body dimensions related to pillow design of 40 subjects to determine pillow sizes. The results suggested that the pillow height were quite different in supine position and lateral position and needed to take into consideration for a pillow design.
Study 3 created a pillow design based on the results of above studies. The pillow was a U-form in the front of view in which the pillow height in the middle area was lower for the supine position, and both sides were higher for the lateral positions.
Study 4 assessed sleep quality of 6 subjects by using the proposed pillows and the current pillows. The results showed that the newly designed pillow led to significantly higher sleep quality, and the new design received an innovation patent.
Keywords
- Sleep position;
- Sleep duration;
- Sleep quality;
- Pillow design;
- Ergonomic design
1. Introduction
Sleep is essential to human beings for health and development. It occupies as much as one-third of humans live span. The major functions of sleep included physical restoration (Opp, 2009, Schuuml;tz et al., 2009 and Zager et al., 2007), energy conservation (Amaranath, 2015 and WebSciences International, 2015), preservation and protection (Amaranath, 2015 and WebSciences International, 2015), memory processing and learning (Gradisar et al., 2008 and Turner et al., 2007), and brain development (Morrissey et al., 2004).
Sleep duration is one of the most important factors to maintain sleep quality. Many studies related to sleep duration have been reported such as the association between sleep duration and sleep quality (Mesas et al., 2011), the association between sleep duration and health, quality of life (Magee et al., 2011), the association between sleep duration and obesity (Sahlin et al., 2009, Marshall et al., 2010 and Itani et al., 2011), the association between sleep duration and mortality (Heslop et al., 2002, 符合人体工程学的概念枕头设计
睡眠质量对人们的健康来说是至关重要的因素。为了设计出一个提升睡眠质量的合适枕头，现有的论文进行了四个方向的研究。
研究2测量40个对象与枕头设计相关的身体数据大小来决定枕头的尺寸。结果显示，枕头的高度在仰卧位和侧卧位有很大不同，并且需要考虑进枕头设计中去。
研究4 通过使用推荐的枕头和现有的枕头从六个方面进行睡眠评估。结果显示最新设计的枕头会带来更高的睡眠质量，并且新设计获得了一个创新专利。
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睡眠对人类的发展和健康来说是至关重要的。它占据了人的一生的三分之一。睡眠的主要功能包括身体恢复，能量节约，保存和保护，记忆处理和学习和大脑发展。
姿势
平均时间
总时间
百分比
累计百分比
仰卧位
258.2
10,328.0
59.5
59.5
左侧卧位
96.2
3850.6
22.1
81.6
右侧卧位
75.8
3032.0
17.5
99.1
卧位
3.7
150.3
0.9
100.0
总计
433.9 (7.23hr)
17,360.80
100.0
项目
性别
N
最小
最大
平均
SD
t-vale
Sig.
睡眠周期
男性
20
340.32
713.33
430.35
95.42
minus;0.294
0.770
女性
20
368.22
561.05
437.54
53.06
总计
40
340.32
713.33
433.94
76.29
翻身频率
男性
20
17.00
48.00
27.90
7.40
3.271
0.002*
女性
20
8.00
32.00
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