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Research on Design Strategies of the Commercial Pedestrian Street in Summer-Hot and Winter-Cold Area

Abstract：

This article proposes that street direction, H/W ratio and landscape greening design are the three important reference indexes for the comfort level of the commercial pedestrian street through case study of commercial pedestrian streets in areas where it is hot in summer-hot and winter-cold areas. The article also proposes strategic recommendations regarding the design of these reference indexes in this area to provide a valuable reference for the creation of comfortable and humane commercial pedestrian streets.

Key words:

In summer-hot and winter-cold areas; Commercial pedestrian street; Wuhan; strategies.

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INTRODUCTION:

Commercial Pedestrian Street refers to Commercial Street with comfortable and attractive pedestrian space. Its pedestrian space is mainly composed by streets and buildings. Commercial Pedestrian Street is a shopping and leisure environment that people love. This kind of commercial street whose subject is human beings originated in Copenhagen in 1962. Nowadays, commercial pedestrian streets have become the business card in numerous cities. On these streets, people can shop, dine, get entertained, do SPA, and get relaxed. In addition, most of these pedestrian streets are located in prime urban areas, so pedestrian streets in modern cities have become a new mode of commercial districts which have combined with shopping, dining, leisure and tourism.

Commercial pedestrian streets generally are organized into indoor and outdoor commercial pedestrian streets. Compared with indoor commercial pedestrian streets, the layout of outdoor commercial pedestrian streets provides ideal linear outdoor space for tour, leisure, shopping and provides the opportunity to get close to the natural environment and incomparable advantages that indoor commercial streets donrsquo;t have. From the early design methods of pedestrian streets in China, most of them inclined to aesthetic design of the building facade and internal environment of the commercial streets and did not pay enough attention to the outdoor environment dominated by the cityrsquo;s climate. This design guide has brought a lot of difficulties and challenges for the design of urban pedestrian streets in areas where it is in summer-hot and winter-cold areas. This article starts from the analysis of typical cases and conducts discussions and research on the design strategies of outdoor pedestrian streets (hereinafter referred as pedestrian streets) in areas where it is hot in summer and cold in winter.

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1. AN OVERVIEW OF AREAS WHERE IT IS IN SUMMER-HOT AND WINTWE-COLD AREAS

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1.1 The Range of Areas Where It Is in Summer-Hot and Winter-Cold Areas

According to Chinarsquo;s building climate division, Yangtze River Basin and its vast surrounding region located in central China are the area where it is in summer-hot and winter-cold areas. The range of this area is roughly south of the Longhai Line, north of Nanling, and east of Sichuan Basin. It can be generally described as the middle and lower part of Yangtze River Basin, including two municipalities directly under the Central Government, Shanghai and Chongqing, all of Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Anhui, and Zhejiang, the eastern half of Sichuan and Guizhou, the southern half of Jiangsu and Henan, the northern half of Fujian, the southern part of Shaanxi and Gansu, and the northern part of Guangdong and Guangxi, involving 16 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions with the coverage of 1.8 million square kilometers. The population living in urban and rural regions of this area is 550 million. Its GDP takes up about 48% of the country. It is the most densely populated and economically more developed area in China and its political and economic position is extremely important.

Figure 1

Chinarsquo;s Building Thermal Zoning Map

• 1. The Climate of the Area

The most significant climate characteristic makes it hot in summer-hot and winter-cold areas with four distinct seasons. It is sultry in summer and cold and wet in winter. The day temperature difference is small; the annual precipitation is large; there is little sunshine; in a word, it is quite uncomfortable.

The climate characteristics are mainly as follows: it is often rainy with heavy rain and storms in summer. It is hot in day time; the calm wind rate at night is high, so it is difficult for the heat accumulated during the day time to distribute and the temperature maintains high. In winter, when a strong cold wave arrives at this area, as it is blocked by Nanling and southeastern hills, the cold air strands, therefore it is cold for quite a long time. In January, the average temperature is generally 8～10℃lower than other regions of the same latitude in the world and it is the coldest area in winter with the same latitude in the world.

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2 . DESIGN STRATEGIES OF COMMERCIAL PEDESTRIAN STREETS

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2.1 The Direction Choice of Pedestrian Streets

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