The analysis and design of online examination system based on b/s
Nowadays, with the university expansion and the increase of studentsrsquo; number, traditional written examination model is still adopted by universities, colleges and social organizations. There exist many problems in written examinations, such as complex exam procedures and prone errors. With the rapid development of the era of computer application, network technology becomes more mature and improve examination quality, which facilitates students to participate in exams and feel the justice, notarization and openness. Therefore, the development of online examination system is necessary. According to the operation emphasis of online examination system, this paper will introduce functional requirements, use the diagram to express and describe through the case diagram. In the system design, this paper will elaborately design functional module by using package diagram, class diagram, sequence diagram and activity diagram and design entity class diagram adopted by database, E-R diagram and the database table structure. At last, this paper will conclude the work, point out the deficiency of the paper and make prospects for the further work.
1.Introduction
Ningbo Dahongying University (DHY) will recruit 4500 students each year, among whom, freshman students are scheduled to study in the basic college. Currently, traditional examination model is adopted by DHY university. Written examination will basically need making, printing, testing and correcting. During each exam, besides long cycle length, large volumes, prone errors and confidentiality work, many people, material resources and financial resources are needed, which bring great difficulties to university management and teachersrsquo; work.
American Examination Committee began to study the work of computer simulation test in the 70s, and the first computer examination system hadnrsquo;t invented until 1983. In the early 90s, several American states began to establish degree mutual recognition teaching system, which started computer network remote test. With the form of flexibility, convenience and quickness, online examination has become an important examination means of foreign teaching institutions. Graduate Record Examination of American examination center is the most influential, which makes the examination can be taken on each workday instead of twice a year.
Chinarsquo;s online education has become popular in the early 21st, thereafter, online examination was invented, like remote network teaching platform of Zhejiang University. Currently, with the constant improvement of network technology, multimedia technology and database technology, university education is experiencing an educational reform, which will mostly adopt B/S structure. National examination is slowly carried out, like Certificate of Accounting Profession has been adopting computer-based test since July 1, 2013. From which, we can find that online examination develops rapidly in China and becomes the development trend of the times.
2.System Analysis
2.1. Functional Structure
Originally online examination system mostly aims at special courses, which can only assess objective tests and automatically work out results. This examination system can meet smart groups of various question types, whose advantages include: a. It can separately generate examination paper and automatically generate examination paper A and B, which can be used in online examination and written examination; b. It can manage client-side to design special procedures and ensure the safety of the test questions and test paper; c. It can automatically save the examine answers during the online examination process and guarantee the reliability of the test by lost connection; d. It can analyze examination results and update the difficulty coefficient of examination questions; e. The examine can test themselves at any time after teachers set up the simulation tests, which can realize the basic data, question bank, examination management and other three main functions.
Online Examination System |
System |
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managerment |
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Fundamental |
Test |
Examination |
Collating |
Scoring |
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data |
paper |
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management |
management |
management |
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management |
management |
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Fig. 1 Functional Framework of Online Examination System
2.2. B/S Structure System Arch
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基于B/S的在线考试系统的分析与设计
现如今,随着大学的发展,学生数量的增加,许多大学、学校以及社会组织仍然采用传统的纸质考试模式,但是笔试模式存在许多问题,比如复杂的考试流程还有阅卷产生的错误。随着新时期电脑应用的迅猛发展,网络科技变得更加成熟并且能够提高考试质量,让学生更容易地参与考试并且感受到考试的公平、公正和开放。因此,在线考试系统的发展是必要的。根据在线考试系统的操作重点,本文将介绍它的功能要求并且用图示去解释并描述它。在系统的设计中,本文将通过包装图、类图、顺序图、活动性图,并且采用数据库设计完整的类图、E-R图和数据表来详尽地阐述设计的功能模块儿。最后,本文会总结工作,指出不足并对今后的工作进行了展望。
1、简介
宁波大红鹰学院每年将会招收4500名学生,在他们当中,新生被安排到基础学院学习,最近,大红鹰学院采取了传统的考试模式,纸质的考试需要制作打印试卷,测试完并且批改。每次考试,除了长周期,大工作量,会出错和需要做保密工作,还需要很多人力物力资源,给学院的管理和老师的工作带来了巨大的困难。
美国考试委员会在70年代开始研究计算机模拟测试的工作,直到1983,第一个计算机考试系统才被发明出来。90年代初,美国几个州开始建立学位互认教学系统,开始了计算机网络远程考试。因为具有灵活性、方便性和快捷性等特点,在线考试已成为国外教学机构的重要考试手段。这对美国考试中心的研究生入学考试是最有影响的,它使得考试可以在每一个工作日进行而不再是每年两次。
中国的在线教育在21世纪初开始流行,此后,在线考试发明出来,像浙江大学的远程网络教学平台。当前,随着网络技术、多媒体技术和数据库技术的不断完善,大学教育正经历着一场教育改革,大多采用B/S结构。国家考试也逐渐采用此模式,比如会计从业资格证书的考取,自2013年7月1日起一直采用计算机考试。从中,我们可以发现,在线考试在中国发展迅速,成为时代发展的趋势。
2、系统分析
2.1功能体系
原有的在线考试系统大多针对特殊课程,只能考核客观考试自动计算出成绩。该考试系统可以满足各种问题类型的智能组合,其优点包括:a.可以单独生成试卷并自动生成试卷A和B,可用于在线考试和笔试;b.可以管理客户端,制定特殊的程序,保证试题和试卷的安全性。c.可以在在线考试过程中自动保存考试答案,并通过丢失的连接保证考试的可靠性;d. 可以分析考试结果并更新难度;e.考试者在教师设置模拟考试后随时可以进行自我测试,可以实现基础数据、题库、考试管理等三大功能。
2.2B/S系统体系结构
B/S结构主要是基于大多数服务器系统的功能。使用服务器对用户的浏览器客户端发送实时处理请求是有效的,并且可以根据实际用户的请求向用户的浏览器反馈网页,该标准由HTML文本、客户端和脚本组成。同时,Web应用程序处理交互功能模块和数据库,B/S体系结构图如图2所示。
3、系统设计
3.1系统体系结构设计
在线考试系统采用了简单的三层B/S结构。它们从上到下分别是应用层、业务层和数据层,如图3所示。
应用层:负责用户与系统之间的通信。在该层上,用户通过客户端和系统之间的通信完成向服务器发送请求并接受任务。
业务层:它是在线考试系统的核心模块,承担整个在线考试系统的核心业务。通过用户对实际业务的操作,实现了特定业务的逻辑处理和通信。
数据层:它是数据操作、访问和存储的模块。它负责数据库的操作、查询、存储、更新等数据操作。
宁波大红鹰学院在线考试系统采用三层B/S结构。其中,业务层主要用于题库管理、考试管理、成绩管理、成绩管理和系统管理。
3.2数据文件设计
在线考试系统需要存储数据,包括考生信息、教师信息、试题、试卷、考试信息、成绩、系统设置和安全信息。根据他们各自的特点,考生信息、教师信息、试题、试卷、考试信息和成绩将以数据库的形式存储,而系统设置信息和安全信息将存储在FO中。加密文件的RM。以试题为例,数据结构被定义为试题=数 类型 内容 问题 答案 分数 难度系数 知识点 注释(图4)。
3.3智能算法
在线考试系统的核心之一是自动生成试卷,因此选择一种快速有效的组卷算法显得尤为重要。本文采用基于遗传算法的纸张构造算法。遗传算法是一种并行有效的优化算法,具有全局优化和收敛速度快的特点。基于遗传算法的纸张构造算法具有遗传算法的所有优点,能够很好地满足纸张自动生成的要求,有效地解决了随机函数选择方法和回溯启发式方法的缺点。惯性导航与制导。
4、在线考试系统发展
根据系统功能分析,可以推导出系统的逻辑模型。在考试状态下,考试服务器将响应考试要求,开始考试过程。考生打开浏览器,登录到考试服务器并进入考试状态。图5中显示了数据库服务器从教师那里获得试卷的请求的数据流程图。
5、总结
本文探讨的在线考试系统的目标是建立一个智能、高效、安全、可靠的无纸化考试系统,是教学与考试的统一体。由于问题类型选择的多样性,该系统可以适应各种学科、教学、考试,在考试过程、教学过程和精品课程建设中起着重要作用,同时也减少了教师和教育行政机构的工作。提高学生的学习时间,方便查询成绩。
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